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A cross departmental Q&A guide on the interrelationship between

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respiratory signs) and may go undetected. The highly pathogenic form is far. more dramatic. It spreads very rapidly through poultry flocks causes disease ...

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A cross departmental Q&A guide on the interrelationship between Page 1A cross departmental Q&A guide on the interrelationship between human and bird flu written for the general public (not for the expert!) 1. What is influenza? Influenza is a viral disease that affects a wide variety of animal species including birds pigs and humans with each species having their own types of flu virus. There are a family of influenza viruses grouped into three types A B and C. Influenza A and B viruses are of concern for human health but only type A viruses cause pandemics (global outbreaks affecting large numbers of people) 2. What is bird flu (avian influenza)? Bird flu is a contagious (spreads by contact) disease of animals caused by influenza A viruses. Avian influenza viruses are normally only found in birds but may infect pigs and have been known to infect sea mammals mink horses and other mammals. On rare occasions some types of avian influenza viruses have infected humans but usually without involving human to human spread. In domestic poultry infection with avian influenza viruses causes two main forms of disease distinguished by low and high extremes of virulence(intensity of the disease). The socalled low pathogenic form commonly causes only mild symptoms (ruffled feathers a drop in egg production respiratory signs) and may go undetected. The highly pathogenic form is far more dramatic. It spreads very rapidly through poultry flocks causes disease affecting multiple internal organs and can kill up to 100% of the infected birds often within 48 hours. 3. What does H5N1 mean when we talk about avian influenza virus? Many different subtypes of influenza exist. The subtypes are named after the combination of variants of two of the virus proteins. Each influenza A virus has one of 16 H subtypes and one of 9 N subtypes. Only avian viruses which have the combination of H5 and H7 subtypes are known to cause the highlypathogenic form of the disease. However not ...

Source: www.dhsspsni.gov.uk

 

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