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Avian Influenza in Wild Birds

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Avian Influenza in Wild BirdsPage 1Alberta Sustainable Resource Development Avian Influenza in Wild Birds: FAQ What is avian influenza?Avian influenza viruses are common infections in wild birds primarily waterfowl. They usually do not cause disease in wild species but spread occasionally to domestic birds (ducks chickens turkeys) in which they can develop into strains that cause significantmortality in domestic species. Rarely some strains can be passed from domestic poultry to humans. In addition swine (pigs) can be infected with some strains of avian influenza viruses. Avian influenza viruses are not the same as the human influenzas (common flu viruses) that are passed around every year in people. How are influenza viruses named?All viruses contain genetic material wrapped in a protein coat. Influenza viruses are separated into types based on two of the proteins in this coat: hemagglutinin (H) and neuraminidase (N). Strains of influenza viruses are named according to the type of H and N proteins that they contain as well as where they occur. For example the strain of greatest current concern around the world is known as Eurasian H5N1. In addition the mortality that strains cause in poultry is used to describe the virus as high or low pathogenicity (often shortened to high path or low path). Eurasian H5N1 is highly pathogenic to poultry. However there are other strains of H5N1 that are not high path. What is going on in Eurasia with respect to avian influenza? Eurasian high path H5N1 avian influenza was first described in Hong Kong in 1996. Since then it spread in poultry and domestic waterfowl populations throughout Southeast Asia. In 2005 the virus appears to have spread to wild migratory waterfowl leading to outbreaks in waterfowl in China and Mongolia. Now the virus has been identified in several other countries in Central Asia Eastern Europe Western Europe and Africa. The strain is thought to spread via the legal and illegal international trade in d ...

Source: www.srd.gov.ab.ca

 

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