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Chapter 6: Behavior of Sound Systems Indoors

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Chapter 6: Behavior of Sound Systems IndoorsPage 1Sound System Design Reference Manual61Chapter 6: Behavior of Sound Systems IndoorsIntroductionThe preceding five chapters have provided thegroundwork on which this chapter is built. The fineart and science of sound reinforcement now beginsto take shape and many readers who have patientlyworked their way through the earlier chapters willsoon begin to appreciate the disciplines which havebeen stressed.The date at which sound reinforcement grewfrom public address by guesswork to a methodicalprocess in which performance specifications areworked out in advance was marked by thepublication in 1969 of a paper titled The Gain of aSound System by C. P. and R. E. Boner (4). Itdescribes a method of calculating potential soundsystem gain and that method has since become afundamental part of modern sound system design.The following discussion is based on the Bonerpaper. Certain points are expanded and examplesare given that require calculations more complicatedthan those in the original study. Also discussed is therelation between theoretically achievable systemgain and practical operating parameters of typicalindoor sound systems.Figure 61. An indoor sound systemPage 2Sound System Design Reference ManualAcoustical Feedback and PotentialSystem GainJust as in the outdoor case studied earlierif we have a microphone/amplifier/loudspeakercombinatio n in the same room and gradually turn upthe gain of the amplifier to a point approachingsustained feedback the electrical frequencyresponse of the system changes with the gainsetting. The effect results from an acoustic feedbackpath between the loudspeaker and the microphone.As a person talks into the microphone themicrophone hears not only the direct sound from thetalker but the reverberant field produced by theloudspeaker as well.The purpose of using highquality loudspeakersand microphones having smooth responsecharacteristics and sound system equalization (apartfrom achieving the desire ...

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