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Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza

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which are usually carried asymptomatically by wild birds cause only mild disease in. poultry. Others the highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses ...

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Highly Pathogenic Avian InfluenzaPage 1HPAI_H0207_0507 2007 CFSPH of 10Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Fowl Plague Grippe Aviaire Content Update: January 30 2007Last Reviewed: May 30 2007 Importance Avian influenza viruses are highly contagious extremely variable viruses that arewidespread in birds particularly wild waterfowl and shore birds. Many of these viruses which are usually carried asymptomatically by wild birds cause only mild disease inpoultry. Others the highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses can kill up to 90100% of a poultry flock. Epidemics of highly pathogenic avian influenza can spreadrapidly devastate the poultry industry and result in severe trade restrictions. HPAI viruses have been eradicated from domesticated poultry in many nations including the U.S.; however asymptomatic wild birds worldwide serve as reservoirs from which new viruses can be generated and transmitted to poultry. Some avian influenza viruses canalso infect mammals including humans. The severity of zoonotic avian influenza varies with the virus. Although many human infections are limited to conjunctivitis or mildrespiratory disease some viral strains cause severe disease and death. Generally avianinfluenza viruses do not spread efficiently in mammals and infections are limited toindividual animals or small groups. However some viruses can become adapted to a new species and cause epidemics or pandemics. Currently the world is experiencing an extensive HPAI outbreak with no immediate prospects for complete worldwide eradication. In 2003 HPAI viruses of the H5N1subtype appeared in poultry in several nations in Southeast Asia. Although at times this epidemic appeared to be under control eradication was never complete. The outbreaks continued to smolder and spread and eventually H5N1 viruses reached other parts ofAsia Europe and the Near East. The H5N1 strains responsible for this epidemic appearto be unusually virulent. As of December 2006 they have been responsible fo ...

Source: www.cfsph.iastate.edu

 

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