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Korn Shell (ksh) Programming

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Korn Shell (ksh) Programming A tutorial by Philip Brown Copyright 2002 This is the top level of my

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SHELL Programming (2) TA: Guoli Li Agenda •Basic Shell Programming -Some commands useful with scripts -Variables -Flow control •Example 1 -Rename files •Example 2 -Classical recursive factorial Useful Commands •echo : Built-in command display message to standard out •sleep : Command causes execution to stop for a specified number of seconds •read : Built-in command reads data into variable from standard in •expr : Evaluates an expression and output its value •false : Built-in command always return false condition •true : Built-in command always return true condition Variables •var=value Define a variable •var="" Define a variable as null •var=`command` varis set to output of command •$var Value of variable var -"$var"is null if variable is undefined -${var}avoids confusion when concatenating with text Flow Control •IF -If   command Test return code of command -If command1 && command2 -If command1 || command2 •IF/THEN/ELSE or IF/THEN/ELSEIF -if condition then statements… [else statements…] fi Flow Control -if condition then statements… [elif condition … then statements… [else] statements…] fi •Conditions -e.g.,  string1 = string2   ( != ) -e.g., num1 -eqnum2  (-ne, -lt, -le, -gt, -ge) Flow Control •FOR -for  name [in list ] do statements done -for variable = start to end do statements done Flow Control •WHILE/UNTIL -while condition do statements done -until condition do statements done Example 1 •Suppose that you have some mp3 files in current directory with meaningless names, and you want to number they sequentially. Solutions #!/bin/sh track =1; for file in *.mp3 do mv"$file""${track}.mp3" track=`expr$track + 1` done Example 1-1 #!/bin/sh track=1; for file in *.mp3 do if [ $track -lt10 ] then mv"$file" "0${track}.mp3" else mv"$fi ...

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