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Relational Application Programming Embedded SQL Programming Oracle ...

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Relational Application Programming October 23 2003 1. Programming Oracle Applications. Done in several ways. Writing interactive SQL queries in the ...



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Relational Application Programming Embedded SQL Programming Oracle Applications Programming in PL/SQLPage 1Relational Application Programming SQL is not computationally complete Embedded SQL (ESQL): SQL expressions embedded into programs in traditional algorithmic languages (e.g. C COBOL): host language In addition DBMSs provide proprietary languages that integrate SQL:3 Informix4GL3 Informix Stored Procedure Language (SPL)3 Oracle PL/SQL3 Microsofts Transact SQL (TSQL)1Embedded SQLLanguageCompilerExecutableProgramsource ESQLPreprocessorESQLSourceProcedureProgram withcallsProgram Application program = statements in host language interspersed with SQL requests Preprocessor replaces relational expressions by calls to compiled modules realizing relational access Result of relational requests exploited one tuple at a time in host programminglanguage impedance mismatch Static embedding: SQL statements written as part of the source program text Dynamic embedding: SQL statements composed by DBMS according to datainput by users2Relational Application Programming October 23 2003 1Programming Oracle ApplicationsDone in several ways Writing interactive SQL queries in the SQL query mode Writing programs in a host language and embedding SQL within the program3 precompiler (e.g. PROCOBOL PROC) used to link the application toOracle Writing in PL/SQL Oracles procedural language Using Oracle Call Interface (OCI) and the Oracle runtime library SQLLIB3Programming in PL/SQL Oracles procedural language extension to SQL with3 data encapsulation information hiding overloading exception handling Most heavily used technique for application development in Oracle Blockstructured language Basic units: procedures functions anonymous blocks Can contain any number of nested subblocks Declarations are local to the block and cease to exist when the block completes Structure of PL/SQL block DECLARE declarations ]BEGIN statements EXCEPTION handlers ]END;4Relational Application Programming October 23 ...

Source: cs.ulb.ac.be


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